Recorder Fingering Chart

Master the recorder with our comprehensive fingering guide, interactive charts, and expert learning resources

Interactive Recorder Fingering Chart

🎵 How to Use This Interactive Chart

Step 1: Choose Key Signature

Select your desired key signature from the dropdown menu. This will show you which notes are sharp or flat in that key.

Step 2: Click on a Note

Click any note button below to see the correct fingering. The recorder diagram will highlight the holes you need to cover.

Step 3: Learn the Fingering

Study the highlighted holes on the recorder and read the fingering description. Practice until it becomes automatic!

Current Key: C Major
Interactive Recorder Fingering Chart Interactive recorder with finger positions, note names, and key signatures. L1 L2 L3 R1 R2 R3 R4 TH
Current Note: Select a note
Click on a note button to see fingering
Musical Notation
Select a note to see notation

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Recorder Fingering Chart Image (PRINTABLE)

Download our comprehensive recorder fingering chart for offline reference. For detailed fingering techniques, register breaks, and advanced patterns, explore our comprehensive Complete Recorder Fingering Guide.

Recorder Fingering Chart
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BEGINNER RECORDER FINGERING CHART

(Soprano Recorder | Standard C Recorder)

1. Basic Fingering Combinations

Note Thumb Left Hand Right Hand Description
C4●L1, L2, L3R1, R2, R3, R4All holes covered
D4○L1, L2, L3R1, R2, R3, R4Thumb hole open
E4○L2, L3R1, R2, R3, R4Thumb and L1 open
F4○L3R1, R2, R3, R4Thumb, L1, L2 open
G4○-R1, R2, R3, R4Thumb and left hand open
A4○-R2, R3, R4Thumb, left hand, R1 open
B4○-R3, R4Thumb, left hand, R1, R2 open
C5○-R4Only R4 covered

Legend: ● = Cover hole, ○ = Open hole. Tip: Ensure all holes are completely covered for clear sound.

2. Essential Beginner Scales

Practice these scales to develop finger dexterity and smooth transitions.

C Major Scale

C4 (all covered) - D4 (thumb open) - E4 (thumb, L1 open) - F4 (thumb, L1, L2 open) - G4 (thumb, left open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - B4 (thumb, left, R1, R2 open) - C5 (only R4 covered)

G Major Scale

G4 (thumb, left open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - B4 (thumb, left, R1, R2 open) - C5 (only R4 covered) - D5 (all open) - E5 (R4 covered, overblown) - F#5 (R3, R4 covered, overblown) - G5 (R2, R3, R4 covered, overblown)

F Major Scale

F4 (thumb, L1, L2 open) - G4 (thumb, left open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - Bb4 (thumb, L1, L2, L3, R1, R2, R3, R4) - C5 (only R4 covered) - D5 (all open) - E5 (R4 covered, overblown) - F5 (R3, R4 covered, overblown)

3. Simple Practice Melodies

(Great for applying new fingerings!)

"Hot Cross Buns":

B4 (thumb, left, R1, R2 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - G4 (thumb, left open)
B4 (thumb, left, R1, R2 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - G4 (thumb, left open)
G4 (thumb, left open) - G4 (thumb, left open) - G4 (thumb, left open) - G4 (thumb, left open)
A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open)
B4 (thumb, left, R1, R2 open) - A4 (thumb, left, R1 open) - G4 (thumb, left open)

"Mary Had a Little Lamb":

E4 (thumb, L1 open) - D4 (thumb open) - C4 (all covered) - D4 (thumb open) - E4 (thumb, L1 open) - E4 (thumb, L1 open) - E4 (thumb, L1 open)
D4 (thumb open) - D4 (thumb open) - D4 (thumb open)
E4 (thumb, L1 open) - G4 (thumb, left open) - G4 (thumb, left open)

4. Recorder Fingering Tips for Beginners

  • Cover finger holes completely - any gaps will cause airy or squeaky sounds.
  • Use the pads of your fingers, not the tips, to cover holes for better seal.
  • Keep fingers curved and relaxed - avoid pressing too hard.
  • Left hand goes on top (thumb hole and L1, L2, L3), right hand on bottom (R1, R2, R3, R4).
  • Practice each fingering slowly and separately before combining them.
  • Use steady, gentle breath - recorder doesn't need much air pressure.
  • Start with long tones on each note to develop good tone quality.
  • Practice scales daily to build muscle memory for fingerings.
  • Use a mirror to check your finger position and posture.
  • Clean your recorder regularly, especially after each practice session.
  • Master the thumb hole technique - it's essential for octave changes.
  • Practice half-holing technique for sharps and flats (partially covering holes).
  • Listen carefully to your tone and intonation - use a tuner if needed.
  • Be patient - consistent daily practice yields the best results.
  • Start with simple songs like "Hot Cross Buns" before moving to more complex pieces.

Understanding Recorder Fingerings

Recorder Anatomy and Parts

Recorder parts and anatomy

Key Components:

  • Head Joint: Contains the mouthpiece and windway
  • Body: Main section with finger holes
  • Foot Joint: Bottom section (on larger recorders)
  • Finger Holes: Seven holes for finger placement
  • Thumb Hole: Single hole on the back for the left thumb

How Finger Holes Change Recorder Pitch

Understanding how finger holes change pitch is fundamental to recorder playing. The recorder's pitch is determined by the effective length of the air column inside the instrument.

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Just starting your recorder journey? Our comprehensive guide covers everything from breath control to fingering techniques:

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Finger Hole Functions:

  • Covering holes: Lowers the pitch by shortening the air column
  • Opening holes: Raises the pitch by lengthening the air column
  • Thumb hole: Controls octave changes and certain note variations
  • Half-holing: Technique for playing sharps and flats

Understanding Musical Notes

Want a deeper primer? Read our Music Notes Guide for beginners.

Musical staff with note names

The Musical Alphabet:

  • A, B, C, D, E, F, G: The seven letter names for notes
  • Sharp (#): Raises a note by a half step
  • Flat (b): Lowers a note by a half step
  • Natural (♮): Cancels a sharp or flat

Half Steps and Whole Steps

Half steps and whole steps diagram

Half Step (Semitone):

Examples: C to C#, E to F, B to C

Whole Step (Tone):

Examples: C to D, E to F#, A to B

Recorder Range and Registers

Recorder range and octaves

Recorder Range:

  • Soprano Recorder: C5 to D7 (two octaves plus a ninth)
  • Alto Recorder: F4 to G6 (two octaves plus a second)
  • Tenor Recorder: C4 to D6 (two octaves plus a ninth)
  • Bass Recorder: F3 to G5 (two octaves plus a second)

Common Recorder Fingering Combinations Chart

Note Thumb L1 L2 L3 R1 R2 R3 R4
C ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
D ○ ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
E ○ ○ ● ● ● ● ● ●
F ○ ○ ○ ● ● ● ● ●
G ○ ○ ○ ○ ● ● ● ●
A ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ● ● ●
B ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ● ●
C ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ●

Legend: ● = Cover hole, ○ = Open hole

Harmonic Series on Recorder

Recorder harmonic series

Harmonic Levels:

  • Fundamental: Basic note with all holes covered
  • First Harmonic: Octave above fundamental
  • Second Harmonic: Perfect fifth above first harmonic
  • Third Harmonic: Perfect fourth above second harmonic

How to Hold the Recorder Correctly

Proper recorder holding technique

Proper recorder holding technique is fundamental to developing good tone, technique, and preventing fatigue. The recorder's simple design and lightweight construction make it accessible to beginners, but mastering the correct holding position requires specific knowledge and practice. For comprehensive guidance on proper hand position, posture, breath support, and advanced techniques, explore our detailed Complete Recorder Fingering Guide.

Key Points for Proper Holding:

  • Left Hand: Thumb covers thumb hole, fingers cover L1, L2, L3
  • Right Hand: Fingers cover R1, R2, R3, R4
  • Posture: Sit or stand straight, recorder at 45-degree angle
  • Breathing: Use diaphragm breathing for steady air flow
  • Finger Position: Curved fingers, relaxed grip

How to Learn to Play the Recorder

  1. Start with Basic Notes: Begin with C, D, E, F, G
  2. Practice Fingerings: Master each fingering pattern
  3. Learn Simple Songs: Start with "Hot Cross Buns" and "Mary Had a Little Lamb"
  4. Develop Breath Control: Practice long tones and breath support
  5. Study Music Theory: Learn note reading and rhythm
  6. Join a Group: Play with others for motivation

Best Beginner Recorder Brands and Models

  • Yamaha: YRS-23 (soprano), YRA-28B (alto) - Excellent quality and tone
  • Aulos: 209B (soprano), 309B (alto) - Professional sound, German fingering
  • Zen-on: Bressan (soprano) - Baroque-style, warm tone
  • Mollenhauer: Dream (soprano) - Modern design, easy to play
  • Woodi: Eco Recorder - Sustainable materials, good for beginners

Practice Tips and Common Mistakes

  • Daily Practice: 15-30 minutes daily is better than long sessions
  • Warm-up Routine: Start with long tones and scales
  • Finger Independence: Practice each finger separately
  • Breath Support: Use diaphragm, not chest breathing
  • Common Mistakes: Avoid covering holes partially, maintain steady air flow
  • Recording Practice: Record yourself to identify areas for improvement

Advanced Recorder Techniques

Once you've mastered basic fingerings, these advanced techniques will enhance your playing and musical expression.

Articulation Techniques

Recorder articulation techniques

Basic Articulation:

  • Legato: Smooth, connected notes using "doo" or "too" tongue strokes
  • Staccato: Short, detached notes with "tut" or "dit" tongue strokes
  • Tenuto: Slightly emphasized notes with "dah" tongue stroke
  • Marcato: Accented notes with "tah" tongue stroke

Vibrato and Expression

Vibrato Techniques:

  • Breath Vibrato: Subtle air pressure variations for warmth
  • Diaphragm Vibrato: Controlled breathing for consistent vibrato
  • Finger Vibrato: Slight finger movements for trill-like effects
  • Dynamic Control: Varying air pressure for musical expression

Ornamentation and Embellishments

Ornament Symbol Technique Fingering
Trill tr Rapid alternation between notes Alternate fingerings for smooth trills
Mordent ~ Quick alternation with note below Main note + lower neighbor + main note
Turn S Note above + main + note below + main Upper neighbor + main + lower neighbor + main
Appoggiatura Small note Leaning note before main note Grace note fingering + main note fingering
Grace Note Small note Quick note before main note Quick fingering change

Register-Specific Techniques

Low Register (C4-B4):

  • Breath Support: Steady, warm air stream for rich tone
  • Finger Coverage: Complete hole coverage for clear notes
  • Intonation: Listen carefully and adjust air pressure
  • Dynamics: Control volume with breath, not embouchure

Middle Register (C5-B5):

  • Thumb Hole Control: Half-open for clean octave breaks
  • Air Speed: Slightly faster air for projection
  • Finger Coordination: Smooth transitions between fingerings
  • Expression: Most comfortable range for musical expression

High Register (C6 and above):

  • Thumb Hole: Fully open for high notes
  • Air Focus: Faster, more focused air stream
  • Finger Pressure: Lighter touch for quick finger movements
  • Intonation: Use tuner for accurate pitch control

Recorder Maintenance and Care

Proper maintenance ensures your recorder performs at its best and lasts for years.

Daily Care Routine

  1. Before Playing: Warm up the instrument in your hands
  2. During Playing: Avoid excessive moisture buildup
  3. After Playing: Clean thoroughly with a cleaning rod and cloth
  4. Storage: Store in a case with proper ventilation

Cleaning and Maintenance

Essential Cleaning Tools:

  • Cleaning Rod: Flexible rod for internal cleaning
  • Cleaning Cloth: Soft, absorbent cloth for moisture removal
  • Cotton Swabs: For detailed cleaning of holes and joints
  • Joint Grease: For smooth assembly and disassembly

Weekly Maintenance:

  • Deep Cleaning: Disassemble and clean all parts
  • Joint Care: Apply grease to joints for smooth operation
  • Hole Inspection: Check for debris or damage
  • Storage Check: Ensure case is clean and dry

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Sound Problems:

  • Airy Sound: Check for moisture in windway or incomplete hole coverage
  • Weak High Notes: Increase air speed and check thumb hole position
  • Intonation Issues: Use tuner and adjust breath pressure
  • Sticky Keys: Clean and lubricate moving parts

Physical Problems:

  • Cracks: Professional repair needed immediately
  • Loose Joints: Apply appropriate joint grease
  • Blocked Holes: Clean with appropriate tools
  • Warped Parts: Professional assessment required

Recorder Repertoire and Learning Path

Building a solid repertoire is essential for musical growth and motivation.

Beginner Repertoire

Essential First Pieces:

  • "Hot Cross Buns" - Perfect for learning C, D, E
  • "Mary Had a Little Lamb" - Introduces G and A
  • "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" - Full scale practice
  • "Ode to Joy" - Classical melody with good technique
  • "Amazing Grace" - Beautiful melody for expression

Intermediate Repertoire

Classical Pieces:

  • Bach: "Minuet in G" and "Bourrée"
  • Handel: "Largo" and "Sarabande"
  • Telemann: "Sonata in F" movements
  • Vivaldi: "Spring" from Four Seasons (arranged)

Advanced Repertoire

Professional Level:

  • Bach: Complete Sonatas and Partitas
  • Handel: Complete Sonatas
  • Telemann: Complete Sonatas and Fantasias
  • Modern Works: Contemporary compositions and arrangements

Performance Tips and Stage Presence

Effective performance skills enhance your musical communication and audience engagement.

Pre-Performance Preparation

  • Warm-up Routine: 15-20 minutes of scales and long tones
  • Mental Preparation: Visualization and positive thinking
  • Equipment Check: Ensure recorder is clean and ready
  • Breathing Exercises: Calm nerves and prepare breath support

Performance Techniques

Stage Presence:

  • Posture: Stand tall with relaxed shoulders
  • Eye Contact: Connect with audience when appropriate
  • Facial Expression: Show musical emotion and engagement
  • Movement: Subtle body language that enhances music

Musical Communication:

  • Phrasing: Shape musical lines with breath and dynamics
  • Articulation: Clear, consistent articulation throughout
  • Dynamics: Use volume changes for musical expression
  • Tempo: Maintain steady rhythm with appropriate rubato

Recorder Ensembles and Group Playing

Playing with others develops ensemble skills and musical understanding.

Ensemble Types

Recorder Consorts:

  • Soprano-Alto-Tenor-Bass: Traditional SATB consort
  • Mixed Sizes: Various recorder sizes for different ranges
  • Large Ensembles: Multiple players per part
  • Chamber Groups: Small, intimate ensemble playing

Ensemble Skills

Essential Skills:

  • Listening: Awareness of other parts and overall sound
  • Balance: Adjusting volume to blend with ensemble
  • Intonation: Matching pitch with other players
  • Rhythm: Maintaining steady tempo and coordination

Rehearsal Techniques

  • Sectional Practice: Work on individual parts before full ensemble
  • Slow Practice: Learn difficult passages at reduced tempo
  • Counting Out Loud: Ensure rhythmic accuracy
  • Recording Rehearsals: Listen back for improvement areas